23168 View: Overview

Glossary  HistCite Guide

Author(s) Sherer Y; Gorstein A; Fritzler MJ; Shoenfeld Y Title Autoantibody explosion in systemic lupus erythematosus: More than 100 different antibodies found in SLE patients Source SEMINARS IN ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 34 (2): 501-537 Date 2004 OCT Type Journal : Review LCR: 5   NCR: 378   LCS: 0   GCS: 31 Comment   Address Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Dept Med B, Ctr Autoimmune Dis, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Fac Med, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Reprint Shoenfeld, Y, Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Dept Med B, Ctr Autoimmune Dis, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. E-mail Shoenfel@post.tau.ac.il Abstract OBJECTIVE Description of the various autoantibodies that can be detected in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS A literature review, using the terms "autoantibody" and "systemic lupus erythematosus", was conducted to search for articles on autoantibodies in SLE, their target antigens, association with disease activity, or other clinical associations. RESULTS One hundred sixteen autoantibodies were described in SLE patients. These include autoantibodies that target nuclear antigens, cytoplasmic antigens, cell membrane antigens, phospholipid-associated antigens, blood cells, endothelial cells, and nervous system antigens, plasma proteins, matrix proteins, and miscellaneous antigens. The target of autoantibody, the autoantigen properties, autoantibody frequencies in SLE, as well as clinical associations, and correlation with disease activity are described for all 116 autoantibodies. CONCLUSIONS SLE is the autoimmune disease with the largest number of detectable autoantibodies. Their production could be antigen-driven, the result of polyclonal B cell activation, impaired apoptotic pathways, or the outcome of idiotypic network dysregulation. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. CR ABDOU NI, 1981, J CLIN INVEST, V67, P1297 ABENDROTH FD, 1995, NUCLEIC ACIDS RES, V23, P2770 AGHDASI B, 2001, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V98, P2425 AHMED AE, 1994, CLIN IMMUNOTHER, V1, P348 AHO K, 1996, CLIN EXP RHEUMATOL, V14, P499 ALARCON GS, 1998, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V41, P1173 ALCOVER A, 1984, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V27, P922 ALSHAHI R, 1997, BRIT J RHEUMATOL, V36, P794 ALSPAUGH MA, 1976, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V19, P216 AMENGUAL O, 1997, BRIT J RHEUMATOL, V36, P964 AMOURA Z, 1994, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V37, P1684 AMOURA Z, 2000, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V43, P76 ANDERSON CJ, 2001, CLIN IMMUNOL, V98, P249 ANDRADE LEC, 1996, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V39, P1643 ARNETT FC, 1988, J RHEUMATOL, V15, P1773 ARNETT FC, 1996, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V39, P1833 ARNETT FC, 1997, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V40, P1487 ASERO R, 1988, J CLIN LAB IMMUNOL, V26, P63 ASERO R, 1990, J CLIN LAB IMMUNOL, V31, P115 ASTALDIRICOTTI GC, 1987, IMMUNOLOGY, V51, P375 ASTALDIRICOTTI GCB, 1989, J CELL BIOCHEM, V40, P43 ATTA MS, 1994, CLIN EXP IMMUNOL, V96, P20 ATTA MS, 1995, ANN RHEUM DIS, V54, P117 AYER LM, 1994, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V37, P98 BANKI K, 1992, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V89, P1939 BARKER RN, 1992, BRIT J HAEMATOL, V82, P126 BELL SA, 1998, CLIN EXP IMMUNOL, V113, P327 BENGTSSON A, 1996, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V39, P1654 BENNETT RM, 1991, CLIN EXP IMMUNOL, V86, P374 BENYEHUDA A, 1995, J AUTOIMMUN, V8, P279 BERARD M, 1996, J RHEUMATOL, V23, P1369 BERMAS BL, 1994, AIDS RES HUM RETROV, V10, P1071 BERTOLACCINI ML, 1998, BRIT J RHEUMATOL, V37, P1229 BERTOLACCINI ML, 1998, J RHEUMATOL, V25, P1104 BLANCO P, 2001, SCIENCE, V294, P1540 BLANK M, 1991, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V88, P3069 BLASCHEK MA, 1988, ANN RHEUM DIS, V47, P708 BLUESTEIN HG, 1976, J CLIN INVEST, V57, P509 BOFFA MC, 1996, J RHEUMATOL, V23, P1375 BONFA E, 1989, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V32, P1252 BONFA E, 1992, BRAZ J MED BIOL RES, V25, P601 BOROS P, 1993, J IMMUNOL, V150, P2018 BOROS P, 1994, J IMMUNOL, V152, P302 BORZINI P, 1997, VOX SANG, V73, P46 BOTTO M, 1998, NAT GENET, V19, P56 BRAHMS H, 1997, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V40, P672 BRESHNIHAN B, 1977, LANCET, V10, P1205 BRITO J, 1994, J IMMUNOL, V153, P2268 BRUIJN JA, 1990, CLIN EXP IMMUNOL, V79, P115 BURLINGAME RW, 1994, J CLIN INVEST, V94, P184 BURLINGAME RW, 1994, MANUAL BIOL MARKER B BUSKILA D, 1994, CLIN REV ALLERG, V12, P237 BUYON JP, 1990, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V33, P609 CABRAL AR, 1990, J AUTOIMMUN, V3, P773 CABRAL AR, 1995, J RHEUMATOL, V22, P1988 CAI Y, 1997, CLIN EXP IMMUNOL, V109, P488 CARSON CW, 2000, J RHEUMATOL, V27, P384 CASCIOLAROSEN LA, 1994, J EXP MED, V179, P1317 CHABLANI AT, 1990, INDIAN J MED RES, V92, P151 CHABRE H, 1995, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V38, P1485 CHANG MG, 1998, CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOP, V89, P71 CHANG SH, 1998, J AUTOIMMUN, V11, P163 CHIKAZAWA H, 2000, J CLIN IMMUNOL, V20, P279 CHINDALORE V, 1998, CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOP, V87, P292 CHOI EKK, 1990, IMMUNOL CELL BIOL, V68, P27 CHU JL, 1991, J EXP MED, V174, P507 CIMAZ R, 2000, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V43, P1049 CONROY SE, 1994, BRIT J RHEUMATOL, V33, P923 COOK AD, 1994, J AUTOIMMUN, V7, P369 COOLEY HM, 1999, J RHEUMATOL, V26, P563 COREMANS IEM, 1995, AM J KIDNEY DIS, V26, P595 COSTALLAT LTL, 1990, CLIN RHEUMATOL, V9, P489 CRAFT J, 1992, RHEUM DIS CLIN N AM, V18, P311 CUADRADO MJ, 1998, QJM-MON J ASSOC PHYS, V91, P619 CULLUM NA, 1991, MOL CHEM NEUROPATHOL, V15, P159 DAVIS AE, 1988, ANNU REV IMMUNOL, V6, P595 DAY HM, 1998, J RHEUMATOL, V25, P667 DEAS JE, 1998, CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN, V5, P181 DEBRANDT M, 1999, J RHEUMATOL, V26, P91 DECKER P, 2000, J BIOL CHEM, V275, P9043 DEGUCHI Y, 1988, INT ARCH ALLER A IMM, V87, P313 DENBURG JA, 1987, NEUROLOGY, V37, P464 DHILLON VB, 1994, Q J MED, V87, P215 DICK T, 1995, J RHEUMATOL, V22, P67 DICOU E, 1993, J NEUROIMMUNOL, V47, P159 DICOU E, 1997, J NEUROIMMUNOL, V75, P200 DILLON CF, 1983, J RHEUMATOL, V10, P380 DINU AR, 1998, LUPUS, V7, P355 DIPADO J, 1991, J CLIN ENDOCR METAB, V73, P660 DONG XW, 2000, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V43, P85 DUDENEY C, 1986, ANN RHEUM DIS, V45, P502 EDWORTHY S, 2000, LUPUS, V9, P681 EIVAZOVA ER, 2000, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V43, P429 ERKELLERYUKSEL FM, 1992, J AUTOIMMUN, V5, P803 EYSTATHIOY T, 2000, J AUTOIMMUN, V14, P179 FEIST E, 1996, J EXP MED, V184, P1313 FEIST E, 2000, INT ARCH ALLERGY IMM, V123, P92 FIELD M, 1988, ANN RHEUM DIS, V47, P820 FILACI G, 2001, J IMMUNOL, V166, P6452 FILLIT H, 1991, AUTOIMMUNITY, V9, P159 FILLIT H, 1993, AUTOIMMUNITY, V14, P243 FONT J, 1997, THROMB RES, V86, P37 FRAMPTON G, 2000, RHEUMATOLOGY, V39, P1114 FRAZIANO M, 1996, AIDS RES HUM RETROV, V10, P491 FRITZLER MJ, 1978, J CLIN INVEST, V62, P560 FRITZLER MJ, 1983, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V26, P140 FRITZLER MJ, 1993, J EXP MED, V178, P49 FRITZLER MJ, 1995, J BIOL CHEM, V270, P31262 FRITZLER MJ, 1995, J RHEUMATOL, V22, P521 GALEAZZI M, 1998, CLIN EXP RHEUMATOL, V16, P541 GALEAZZI M, 2000, J RHEUMATOL, V27, P135 GARCIALOZANO R, 1996, CLIN EXP IMMUNOL, V103, P74 GERLACH C, 1998, LAB INVEST, V78, P129 GHIRARDELLO A, 2000, ANN RHEUM DIS, V59, P975 GIRARD D, 1995, CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOP, V74, P193 GIRARD D, 1996, AUTOIMMUNITY, V24, P167 GOLD HA, 1988, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V85, P5483 GOULDING NJ, 1989, ANN RHEUM DIS, V48, P843 GREIDINGER EL, 2001, FRONT BIOSCI, V6, P1312 GRIFFITH KJ, 1997, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V40, P1693 GRIMM W, 1995, J SLEEP RES S1, V4, P160 GRIPENBERG M, 1985, J RHEUMATOL, V12, P934 GRIPENBERG M, 1988, SCAND J RHEUMATOL, V17, P249 GUERMAZI S, 2000, BLOOD COAGUL FIBRIN, V11, P491 GUL A, 1996, LUPUS, V5, P120 HAHN BH, 1988, AM J MED, V85, P32 HANLY JG, 1988, POSTGRAD MED J, V65, P622 HANLY JG, 1993, BRIT J RHEUMATOL, V32, P291 HANSON VG, 1992, J EXP MED, V176, P565 HARDIN JA, 1983, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V80, P7410 HARLEY JB, 1984, J RHEUMATOL, V11, P309 HARLEY JB, 1989, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V32, P826 HARMON C, 1981, ARTHRITIS RHEUM S, V24, S122 HASEGAWA H, 1999, LUPUS, V8, P439 HASSFELD W, 1995, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V38, P777 HEDGPETH MT, 1988, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V31, P545 HEFENEIDER SH, 1990, J INVEST DERMATOL S, V94, S79 HERKEL J, 2001, J AUTOIMMUN, V17, P63 HIRAKATA M, 1993, J CLIN INVEST, V91, P2665 HOLLINGSWORTH PN, 1996, AUTOANTIBODIES, P74 HOW A, 1985, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V28, P789 HOWARD TW, 1991, J RHEUMATOL, V18, P826 HUGHES GRV, 1983, BRIT MED J, V287, P1088 IMAI H, 1994, MOL BIOL REP, V72, P123 INAGAKI J, 2001, AM J REPROD IMMUNOL, V45, P232 ISENBERG D, 1990, J AUTOIMMUN, V3, P393 ISENBERG DA, 1985, J CLIN INVEST, V76, P287 ISENBERG DA, 1994, J RHEUMATOL, V21, P1260 ISSHI K, 1998, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V41, P1819 ITOH Y, 1992, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V35, P73 JARJOUR WN, 1992, MOL BIOL REP, V16, P263 JONES DW, 1999, THROMB HAEMOSTASIS, V81, P387 JONES DW, 2000, BRIT J HAEMATOL, V110, P721 JORGENSEN CS, 2000, LUPUS, V9, P515 KABURAKI J, 1997, AM J HEMATOL, V54, P209 KALUNIAN KC, 1989, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V32, P513 KANAI Y, 1989, IMMUNOL LETT, V21, P217 KARMOCHKINE M, 1993, LUPUS, V2, P157 KISHORE U, 1997, CLIN EXP IMMUNOL, V108, P181 KLINMAN DM, 1987, J EXP MED, V165, P1755 KOFFLER D, 1967, J EXP MED, V126, P607 KOFFLER D, 1969, SCIENCE, V166, P1648 KOFFLER D, 1971, J EXP MED, V134, P294 KOLE R, 1985, J BIOL CHEM, V260, P1781 KOREN E, 1992, J CLIN INVEST, V89, P1236 KOSHINO K, 1995, SCAND J RHEUMATOL, V24, P288 KOVACS B, 1997, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V40, P980 KUHN HM, 1999, AUTOIMMUNITY, V31, P229 KURKI P, 1983, J RHEUMATOL, V10, P558 KURKI P, 1986, J RHEUMATOL, V13, P69 KUWANA M, 1993, J CLIN INVEST, V91, P1399 LAFER EM, 1983, J CLIN INVEST, V71, P314 LAFFERTY TE, 1997, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V40, P775 LAKOS G, 2000, J RHEUMATOL, V27, P924 LAPERCHE S, 1994, J RHEUMATOL, V21, P1678 LAROSA L, 1998, CLIN EXP IMMUNOL, V112, P144 LASSOUED K, 1988, ANN INTERN MED, V108, P829 LEANOS A, 1998, LUPUS, V7, P398 LEDDY JP, 1993, J CLIN INVEST, V91, P1672 LENERT P, 1996, HUM IMMUNOL, V49, P38 LEON SA, 1977, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V20, P23 LEPAGE SH, 1990, AUTOIMMUNITY, V5, P169 LERMA JGG, 1995, CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOP, V76, P19 LI JS, 1996, CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOP, V79, P211 LI XZ, 1989, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V32, P1165 LIPSKY PE, 2001, NAT IMMUNOL, V2, P764 LOIZOU S, 2000, RHEUMATOLOGY, V39, P962 LONG AA, 1990, ANN RHEUM DIS, V49, P249 LOPEZLONGO FJ, 1998, J RHEUMATOL, V25, P1743 LOPEZSOTO A, 1997, CLIN EXP RHEUMATOL, V15, P143 LOVE PE, 1990, ANN INTERN MED, V112, P682 MACCHI L, 1997, BRIT J HAEMATOL, V98, P336 MAGSINO CH, 1999, SOUTHERN MED J, V92, P717 MAMOUNE A, 1998, J AUTOIMMUN, V11, P485 MAMOUNE A, 2000, LUPUS, V9, P622 MARGUERIE C, 1997, QJM-MON J ASSOC PHYS, V90, P347 MATSUDA J, 1994, AM J HEMATOL, V47, P56 MCCARTY GA, 1984, J RHEUMATOL, V11, P213 MEDIWAKE R, 2001, ANN RHEUM DIS, V60, P67 MENDLOVIC S, 1988, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V85, P2260 MERKEL PA, 1997, ANN INTERN MED, V126, P866 MERYHEW NL, 1986, J RHEUMATOL, V13, P83 MEYER O, 1987, CLIN EXP IMMUNOL, V69, P485 MIMORI T, 1981, J CLIN INVEST, V68, P611 MIMORI T, 1995, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V92, P7267 MIMURA T, 1990, J EXP MED, V172, P653 MINOTA S, 1988, J CLIN INVEST, V81, P106 MINOTA S, 1990, J IMMUNOL, V144, P1263 MINOTA S, 1991, J IMMUNOL, V146, P2249 MISAKI Y, 1995, J RHEUMATOL, V22, P97 MIYACHI K, 1978, J IMMUNOL, V121, P2228 MOND CB, 1989, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V32, P202 MONTECUCCO C, 1990, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V33, P180 MONTECUCCO C, 1992, CLIN EXP RHEUMATOL, V10, P223 MOODIE FDL, 1993, KIDNEY INT, V43, P675 MORELAND LW, 1991, CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOP, V60, P412 MORROW WJW, 1982, ANN RHEUM DIS, V41, P396 MULLER S, 1989, INT ARCH ALLER A IMM, V89, P288 MULLER S, 1994, CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOP, V73, P187 MUNNS TW, 1987, J IMMUNOL, V139, P393 MUNOZRODRIGUEZ FJ, 2000, HAEMATOLOGICA, V85, P632 MURO Y, 1997, J AUTOIMMUN, V10, P499 NAKABYASHI K, 1985, CLIN NEPHROL, V23, P74 NAKAMURA N, 1998, J CLIN INVEST, V101, P1951 NAKANO M, 2000, J RHEUMATOL, V27, P1403 NASSBERGER L, 1989, LANCET, V1, P509 NASSBERGER L, 1990, CLIN EXP IMMUNOL, V81, P380 NAVARRO M, 1997, LUPUS, V6, P521 NEGRI C, 1990, AUTOIMMUNITY, V6, P203 NETO ECD, 1992, J CLIN INVEST, V90, P1037 NEU E, 1995, CLIN EXP IMMUNOL, V100, P198 NEU E, 1997, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V40, P661 NEUGEBAUER KM, 2000, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V43, P1768 NINOMIYA C, 1992, INTERNAL MED, V31, P194 NISHIYA K, 1997, CLIN RHEUMATOL, V16, P70 NORTON PM, 1988, J AUTOIMMUN, V2, P187 OHOSONE Y, 1998, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V41, P1625 ONO M, 1999, J DERMATOL SCI, V21, P183 OOI BS, 1977, IMMUNOLOGY, V33, P535 OOSTING JD, 1993, BLOOD, V81, P2618 OOSTING JD, 1993, BRIT J HAEMATOL, V85, P761 ORDIROS J, 1997, J RHEUMATOL, V24, P1856 OSHIMI Y, 1996, J IMMUNOL, V157, P2909 OSMAN C, 1994, CLIN RHEUMATOL, V13, P21 PASOTO SG, 1999, J RHEUMATOL, V26, P1087 PATEL R, 1986, CLIN NEPHROL, V26, P83 PENGO V, 1996, THROMB HAEMOSTASIS, V75, P721 PERL A, 1995, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V38, P1660 PETTY RE, 1986, J RHEUMATOL, V13, P246 PFEIFLE J, 1986, ANN RHEUM DIS, V45, P978 PINCUS T, 1969, NEW ENGL J MED, V281, P701 PRAPROTNIK S, 1999, CLIN EXP RHEUMATOL, V17, P63 PRATESI F, 2000, J RHEUMATOL, V27, P109 PRICE CM, 1984, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V27, P774 PRUZANSKI W, 1994, J RHEUMATOL, V21, P252 PUJOL M, 1995, BRIT J HAEMATOL, V89, P137 PUSSEL BA, 1982, CLIN EXP IMMUNOL, V47, P133 PUTTERMAN C, 1998, J EXP MED, V188, P29 PUTTERMAN C, 2000, J IMMUNOL, V164, P2542 PUURUNEN M, 1996, CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOP, V80, P16 RADIC MZ, 1999, CRIT REV IMMUNOL, V19, P117 REEVES WH, 1987, J EXP MED, V165, P750 REICHLIN M, 1994, RHEUM DIS CLIN N AM, V20, P29 REICHLIN M, 1999, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V42, P69 REVILLARD JP, 1979, J IMMUNOL, V122, P614 RIBOLDI P, 1987, CLIN EXP RHEUMATOL, V5, P29 RIVERO SJ, 1978, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V21, P295 ROBBINS ML, 1988, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V31, P623 RODENBURG RJT, 2000, BIOESSAYS, V22, P627 ROELCKE D, 1996, AUTOANTIBODIES, P677 ROMERO FI, 1998, BRIT J RHEUMATOL, V37, P883 ROMERO FI, 1999, ARTHRITIS RHEUM S, V42, S147 ROMERO FI, 1999, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V42, P2606 RUIZARGUELLES A, 1993, AM J HEMATOL, V44, P58 RUSSO K, 2000, J RHEUMATOL, V27, P142 SAKAMOTO M, 1989, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V32, P1554 SALAZARPARAMO M, 1996, LUPUS, V5, P275 SALONEN EM, 1996, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V39, S40 SANFILIPPO SS, 1998, J RHEUMATOL, V25, P2131 SATO T, 1990, BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO, V172, P496 SATO T, 1991, J RHEUMATOL, V18, P1681 SATOH A, 1999, J RHEUMATOL, V26, P1715 SATOH M, 1993, CLIN IMMUNOL NEWSL, V13, P23 SATOH M, 1994, CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOP, V73, P132 SATOH M, 1994, J CLIN INVEST, V94, P1981 SATOH T, 1997, CLIN RHEUMATOL, V16, P305 SAXENA R, 1994, ANN RHEUM DIS, V53, P1659 SCHETT G, 1998, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V41, P1446 SCHMERLING RH, 1991, AM J MED, V91, P528 SCHULTZ DR, 1998, BRIT J HAEMATOL, V103, P849 SCHUR PH, 1968, NEW ENGL J MED, V278, P533 SCOFIELD RH, 2000, J RHEUMATOL, V27, P128 SCOPELITIS E, 1980, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V23, P287 SCOTT JS, 1983, NEW ENGL J MED, V309, P209 SEBBAG M, 1995, J CLIN INVEST, V95, P2672 SEELIG HP, 1994, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V37, P1672 SENECAL JL, 1985, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V28, P889 SENECAL JL, 1999, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V42, P1347 SERVAIS G, 1998, ANN RHEUM DIS, V57, P606 SHERER Y, 2000, INT ARCH ALLERGY IMM, V123, P10 SHINKURA N, 1999, AUTOIMMUNITY, V29, P159 SHLOMCHIK MJ, 1987, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V84, P9150 SHOENFELD Y, 1983, J EXP MED, V158, P718 SHOENFELD Y, 1987, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V30, P169 SHOENFELD Y, 1990, FASEB J, V4, P2646 SHOENFELD Y, 1996, J AUTOIMMUN, V9, P235 SHOENFELD Y, 2000, LUPUS, V9, P481 SIBLEY JT, 1984, J RHEUMATOL, V11, P633 SIEGERT C, 1991, J RHEUMATOL, V18, P230 SINICO RA, 1993, ADV EXP MED BIOL, V336, P385 SJOHOLM AG, 1997, J RHEUMATOL, V24, P871 SOKOL RJ, 1981, BRIT MED J, V282, P2023 SONG J, 2000, RHEUMATOL INT, V20, P1 SONG KS, 2000, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V43, P557 SPRONK PE, 1996, BRIT J RHEUMATOL, V35, P625 STAFFORD HA, 1997, CLIN EXP IMMUNOL, V109, P12 STCLAIR EW, 1992, RHEUM DIS CLIN N AM, V18, P359 STEINER G, 1992, J CLIN INVEST, V90, P1061 STETLER DA, 1984, J BIOL CHEM, V259, P2077 STETLER DA, 1987, J CLIN IMMUNOL, V7, P24 SUGI T, 1995, BLOOD, V86, P3083 TAKEDA Y, 1989, CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOP, V50, P213 TAN EM, 1982, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V25, P1271 TANAKA M, 1998, INT IMMUNOL, V10, P1305 TAX WJM, 1995, KIDNEY INT, V48, P666 TEKTONIDOU MG, 2000, EUR J CLIN INVEST, V30, P646 TERBORG EJ, 1990, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V33, P634 THOMAS TJ, 1988, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V31, P367 TINAHONES FJ, 1998, BRIT J RHEUMATOL, V37, P746 TINCANI A, 1985, CLIN EXP RHEUMATOL, V3, P321 TOJO T, 1981, RYUMACHI S, V21, P129 TOSCHI V, 1993, HAEMOSTASIS, V23, P275 TREADWELL EL, 1984, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V27, P1263 TREADWELL EL, 1987, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V30, P1239 TROTTA F, 1999, RHEUMATOLOGY, V38, P1007 TUBACH F, 2000, J RHEUMATOL, V27, P1437 TZIOUFAS AG, 1993, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V36, P955 TZIOUFAS AG, 1997, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V40, P2212 TZIOUFAS AG, 2000, ANN RHEUM DIS, V59, P99 UESUGI H, 1998, J RHEUMATOL, V25, P703 USTINGER PD, 1976, J RHEUMATOL, V3, P175 UTZ P, 1997, J EXP MED, V3, P843 VAARALA O, 2000, LUPUS, V9, P202 VAINSHAW AK, 1999, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V42, P1833 VANDENBERG RH, 1998, CLIN EXP IMMUNOL, V111, P359 VIALLARD JF, 1999, BRIT J HAEMATOL, V105, P532 VIDEBAEK A, 1962, ACTA MED SCAND, V171, P187 VILLARREAL GM, 1997, LUPUS, V6, P425 VIVINO FB, 1990, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V33, P960 VLACHOYIANNOPOU.PG, 1989, CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOP, V53, P151 VONMIKECZ A, 1994, IMMUNOBIOLOGY, V192, P137 VOULGARELIS M, 2000, ANN RHEUM DIS, V59, P217 WAHREN M, 1998, J AUTOIMMUN, V11, P29 WALLACE DJ, 1994, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V37, P1795 WALLACE DJ, 2000, LUPUS, V9, P328 WASICEK CA, 1982, J CLIN INVEST, V69, P835 WATANABE T, 1999, ARCH DERMATOL, V135, P535 WEINER SM, 2000, RHEUMATOL INT, V19, P83 WENER M, 1989, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V32, P1646 WHITEHEAD CM, 1996, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V39, P1635 WHITEHEAD CM, 1997, CHROMOSOMA, V106, P493 WHITEHEAD CM, 1998, J RHEUMATOL, V25, P2126 WICHMANN I, 2000, CLIN EXP IMMUNOL, V119, P530 WILLIAMS WM, 1998, LUPUS, V7, P164 WINKLER TH, 1992, EUR J IMMUNOL, V22, P1719 WINN DM, 1979, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V22, P1334 WITTE T, 2000, J RHEUMATOL, V27, P2617 WITTE T, 2000, RHEUMATOL INT, V19, P107 WU R, 1999, LUPUS, V8, P142 YAMANAKA H, 1987, J CLIN INVEST, V80, P900 YAMANAKA K, 1992, ARTHRITIS RHEUM, V35, P667 YANEVA M, 1989, CLIN EXP IMMUNOL, V76, P366 YASUMA M, 1990, J RHEUMATOL, V17, P469 YAZICI ZA, 2000, J AUTOIMMUN, V15, P41 YEE WS, 1985, CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOP, V36, P161 YOKOECHI T, 1990, MICROBIOL IMMUNOL, V34, P929 YOSHIO T, 1994, J RHEUMATOL, V21, P2058 ZURGIL N, 1992, J CLIN IMMUNOL, V12, P201