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Author(s): Chaffin WL; Lopez-Ribot JL; Casanova M; Gozalbo D; Martinez JP
Title: Cell wall and secreted proteins of Candida albicans: Identification, function, and expression
Source: MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REVIEWS 62 (1): 130-+
Date: 1998 MAR
Document Type: Journal : Review
DOI:
Language: English
Comment:
Address: Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Immunol & Microbiol, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA.
Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Valencia, Fac Farm, Dept Microbiol & Ecol, E-46010 Valencia, Spain. Reprint: Chaffin, WL, Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Immunol & Microbiol,
Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. E-mail: micwlc@ttuhsc.edu
Author Keywords:
KeyWords Plus: HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; GERM-TUBE FORMATION; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX
PROTEINS; BUCCAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA;
FIBRINOGEN-BINDING MANNOPROTEIN; MEDIATED IMMUNE-RESPONSES; HSP70
MULTIGENE FAMILY; TO-MYCELIUM TRANSITION; GROUP-A STREPTOCOCCI
Abstract: The cell wall is essential to nearly every aspect of the biology and pathogenicity of Candida albicans. Although it was intially considered an almost inert cellular structure that protected the protoplast against osmotic offense, more recent studies have demonstrated that it is a dynamic organelle. The major components of the cell wall are glucan and chitin, which are associated with structural rigidity, and mannoproteins. The protein component, including both mannoprotein and nonmannoproteins, comprises some 40 or more moieties. Wall proteins may differ in their expression, secretion, ol topological location within the wall structure. Proteins may be modified by glycosylation (primarily addition of mannose residues), phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Among the secreted enzymes are those that are postulated to have substrates within the cell wall and those that find substrates in the extracellular environment. Cell wall proteins have been implicated in adhesion to host tissues and ligands. Fibrinogen, complement fragments, and several extracellular matrix components are among the host proteins bound by cell wall proteins. Proteins related to the hsp70 and hsp90 families of conserved stress proteins and some glycolytic enzyme proteins are also found in the cell wall apparently as bona fide components. In addition, the expression of some proteins is associated with the morphological growth form of the fungus and may play a role in morphogenesis. Finally, surface mannoproteins are strong immunogens that trigger and modulate the host immune response during candidiasis.
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