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Author(s): Nock MK (Nock, Matthew K.); Borges G (Borges, Guilherme); Bromet EJ (Bromet, Evelyn J.); Cha CB (Cha, Christine B.); Kessler RC (Kessler, Ronald C.); Lee S (Lee, Sing)
Title: Suicide and Suicidal Behavior
Source: EPIDEMIOLOGIC REVIEWS 30 (1): 133-154
Date: 2008 NOV 1
Document Type: Journal : Review
DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxn002
Language: English
Comment:
Address: Harvard Univ, Dept Psychol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Inst Nacl Psiquiatria, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. Univ Autonoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Harvard Injury Control Res Ctr, Boston, MA USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Care Policy, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Fac Med, Dept Psychiat, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. Reprint: Nock, MK, Harvard Univ, Dept Psychol, 33 Kirkland St,Room 1280,
Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. E-mail: nock@wjh.harvard.edu
Author Keywords: psychiatry; public health; risk factors; self-injurious behavior;
suicide; suicide; attempted
KeyWords Plus: NATIONAL COMORBIDITY SURVEY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SEROTONIN
TRANSPORTER GENE; HIGH-SCHOOL-STUDENTS; TOWER-OF-BABEL; LONGITUDINAL
PERSONALITY-DISORDERS; WORLD-HEALTH-ORGANIZATION; NONSUICIDAL SELF-
INJURY; FEMALE TWIN SAMPLE; AXIS-II DISORDERS
Abstract: Suicidal behavior is a leading cause of injury and death worldwide. Information about the epidemiology of such behavior is important for policy-making and prevention. The authors reviewed government data on suicide and suicidal behavior and conducted a systematic review of studies on the epidemiology of suicide published from 1997 to 2007. The authors' aims were to examine the prevalence of, trends in, and risk and protective factors for suicidal behavior in the United States and cross-nationally. The data revealed significant cross-national variability in the prevalence of suicidal behavior but consistency in age of onset, transition probabilities, and key risk factors. Suicide is more prevalent among men, whereas nonfatal suicidal behaviors are more prevalent among women and persons who are young, are unmarried, or have a psychiatric disorder. Despite an increase in the treatment of suicidal persons over the past decade, incidence rates of suicidal behavior have remained largely unchanged. Most epidemiologic research on suicidal behavior has focused on patterns and correlates of prevalence. The next generation of studies must examine synergistic effects among modifiable risk and protective factors. New studies must incorporate recent advances in survey methods and clinical assessment. Results should be used in ongoing efforts to decrease the significant loss of life caused by suicidal behavior.
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